![]() The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of, and factors associated with, HBV infection in a population of prospective blood donors in the southwestern region of Goiás Little information is available from rural areas of the state, though there are limited data that have been obtained from patients undergoing hemodialysis ( 13) and from quilombolo settlements. With regards to HBV infection, the majority of studies have been conducted within the metropolitan region of Goiânia. This diverse immigration contributes to the variable epidemiological patterns that exist within the state. ( 12) Its large size and geographic location has favored the influx of culturally and ethnically diverse migrants from other Brazilian states as well as from other countries. It is the most populous state in the Midwest region of Brazil. The Brazilian state of Goiás covers an area of 340,086 kmĪnd has a population of 6 million inhabitants. ( 3) Brazil is considered to be a region of low to intermediate endemicity. Regions that have intermediate endemicity (2-8% HBsAg carriers) show all forms of viral transmission. In contrast, in regions with a low prevalence of carriers (< 2% carriers), adolescents and adults are mainly afflicted, as lifestyle plays the principle role in viral transmission. In regions with a high prevalence of carriers, infection patterns are vertical and horizontal/intrafamilial. The transmission pattern of hepatitis B varies across the world. ( 3) As such, children born from women infected with hepatitis B, ( 4, 5) individuals who have received multiple blood transfusions, ( 6) drug users, ( 7, 8) and individuals with multiple sexual partners ( 9) are considered to be high risk groups for HBV infection. ( 2) HBV can be transmitted through contaminated blood or other bodily fluids, via percutaneous or mucosal exposure. ( 1) The Brazilian Ministry of Health has estimated that 15% of the Brazilian population has been exposed to HBV and that 1% suffer from chronic diseases caused by this virus. Currently, there are approximately 350 million HBV carriers at risk of developing terminal hepatic diseases, such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious public health concern. ![]()
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